Os424
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Last example built for MÁV,
424,365 (7561/1958), photographed in Budapest on June 22, 2013. Photo by B.
Zsolt (www.commons.wikimedia.org).
442,309 (7465/1956), plinthed in Nagykanizsa.
Photo by someone who wishes to be known as Linathrash (source: as above).
Slightly run-down JŽ 11-015 (5574/1946), once
used with Tito’s ‘Blue Train’, photographed in Zagreb in 2008 by someone
nicknamed Suradnik 13 (source: www.hr.wikipedia.org).
Class 424 side drawing from EZ vol. 3.
424,345 in MÁV service, photographed at the Vámosgyörk station on July 25, 1982. Postcard from my
collection.
An unidentified MÁV Class 424 engine, built by MÁVAG in 1924; location and date unknown. Source: Die Lokomotive September 1925. |
Class
424 of Hungarian State Railways MÁV
is one of the best known Hungarian locomotives and its history also has its
modest Polish episode. Design
of new passenger locomotive was broadly based on Austro-Hungarian class 570.
The same type was the starting point for Polish class Os24, developed by Fablok in close
collaboration with Austrian StEG. Prototype (factory type 122, s/n 4731) was outshopped from Budapest-based Magyar Királyi Államvasutak Gépgyára (MÁVAG) in 1924. Tests began in April
and the type was immediately ordered in quantity, being accepted by MÁV as class 424. It was a universal
engine, with 2-4-0 arrangement, running on superheated steam and fitted with
double stack. With 1606 mm drivers it was capable of hauling freight and
passenger trains. Some examples were latter fitted with large, Wagner-type
smoke lifters. After teething troubles had been eradicated, class 424 earned
itself a good reputation among footplate crews. Common nicknames were
‘Buffalo’ or ‘Nurmi’, the latter after well-known
Finnish long-distance runner Paavo Nurmi, who was very popular in Hungary. Class
424 enjoyed a long production run, last examples being delivered in 1958. In
all, 514 examples were built, of which 365 were for MÁV. Some were later converted to oil firing and last were
withdrawn in 1986. In 1944 fifteen examples were built for Slovakian railways
SŽ. Classed 465.0, they were taken
over by ČSD in 1945 and
supplemented by 36 engines of this type left in Czechoslovakia. They remained
in use until 1967, ten were converted into stationary boilers. Post-war
production included 62 examples for the Soviet Union, treated as a part of
war reparations. Apart from these, NKPS
took over several (probably 13) MÁV
engines, of which three were later sold back to Hungary. Initially in NKPS service they were identified by
factory numbers, later were classed TM and given consecutive numbers. Most
were withdrawn between 1961 and 1962, several went to industry. State
railways of Yugoslavia JDŽ took
delivery of 52 brand-new locomotives of this type, ten more were ex-MÁV engines taken over after the war.
Classed 11, they remained in use until 1981. Three class 11 engines in blue
livery were reserved for Josip Broz Tito’s luxury ‘Plavi
Voz’ (Blue Train), until supplanted by Krauss-Maffei
ML 2200 diesels in 1961. Twenty examples were exported to Northern Korea
between 1953 and 1954. Of
six MÁV 424s left in Poland in
1945, four were returned between 1952 and 1953. Two (424,010, MÁVAG 4734/1924, and 424,045, MÁVAG 5221/1941) were taken over by PKP. They were classed in untypical
manner Os424 and retained their original service numbers. It is doubtful if
they saw any line service. Both were rebuilt into braking engines and used
for tests of other steam locomotives. In 1953 they were re-designated CZ-01
and CZ-02, respectively; ‘CZ’ abbreviation was used after Professor Albert Czeczott (1873-1955), well-known railway engineer, who
was responsible for locomotive testing at the Ministry of Transport. These
two engines were later supplemented by CZ-03, ex-SŽ and later ČSD
465.008 (MÁVAG 5440/1944), handed
over by Soviet authorities in 1945. All these three engines were still in use
in early 1960s. As
many as twelve 424s have been preserved in Hungary; some are still in working
order. Three can be seen in Croatia, one in Serbia and one in Slovenia. Main technical data
1)
Probably no line service. References
and acknowledgments
-
Attila Kirchner (private communication – many thanks
for detailed statistics!); -
MÁV
Motive Power Album by István Mezei (Közdok, date unknown); -
LOZD
vol. 1, EZ vol. 3. |
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